Shock absorber and rebound check



. 15393331 Aug- 6 1927 E. DAVIS snocx ABSORBER AND nssoum: cascx FiledSept. 10, 1925 I ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 16 1927.

m1. ES

PATENT o -"Bic Ell/[IERSON- DAVI ES} 0F" INDIANAPOLIS; INDIANA, L.AiSIG-NOR; OE ONE-mill TO GEOBGI B. RUTH, 0E. INDIANQX BOLIS; INDIANA.

. SHOCIQABSQRBER-AND/REBOUND CHECK;

Application filed September 10; 1925. serial No. 55,541:

This invent-ionrelates to a shocli absorber and reboundcheckl combinedthat is designed to improve the action of the springs of motor-vehiclesand. especially the half elliptic springs with which. low pricedmotor-vehicles are equipped, the invention havingreference moreparticularly to-improved spring mountings and their application toexisting automobile parts.

An object of the invention. is to provide improved spring mountings and'shocliabsorber structures, which shall beso constructed: and combined asto. improve the practical eihciency of motor vehicle springs whichilaclc. p roper length and proportionsto insure satisfactory results inoperation.

Another object is to provide an improved shock absorber which shal-lbeof such-coir structionas to eliminate obj ectionable side sway of: thebody of the motor-vehicle,re-

duce the rockingofthe body and insure easy.

andcomtortable ridingin the body, conse quently reducing liability ofinjury to occupants of motor-vehicles when operating. on rough roads athigh speeds.

A- further object isto provide a structurally unitary shock. absorber:and. rebound check for automobiles, which'shall be soiconstructed: as toefficiently co-operate in efi'ect 'ing the desired results, andshalloperate in a smooth andisteadyi manner so as to eliminate jerky action,and whichshall have few and simple parts-so'astonot be costly, and whichmay readily be; applied to existing motor-vehicle structure withoutrequiring alterations thereof, and applicable by the user withoutrequiring expert assistance; an aim being to provide-apparatus of theabove-mentioned character which shall be strong. and reliable and; alsodurable and economical in use;

lVith theabo've-mentioned andother objects in view, the invention:consists in a shock absorber havingnovel construction and functions, andhavinga novel perehsextend ing device and adapters tending. to increasethe efiective length of the half-elliptic type of motor-vehicle spring,the invention including: a rebound check appliance combined with theshock absorber in anovel manner; and, the inventionconsistsalso -fur-'ther in:the novel parts; and'inthe combinaafter particularly describedand further (1e finedin the claims appended hereto.

Refer ring to the drawings,-Figure l is a fragmentary front elevation ofwelllknown automobile structure to which the invention is applied; anumber of parts being broken aw'ay'to expose details of construction;Fig;

2;is a top plan oflthe'more important'por tion of Fig. 1;.Fig. 3is atransverse section of the front axle bar of'the motor-vehibleto whichparts of" the invent-ion are applied; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section,approximately horizontal, olearly illustrating str-uotural:details;.Fig, 5' is a sectional elevation ShOW-lng detalls of" spring mountingson an enlargedscale; Fig 6 is a-centralsectionof the spring mountings onan enlarged scale inwhich internal parts are clearly exposed; Fig. 7 isa plan .view of'one of the arts-of the shockahsorb'er structure; and,8'is a. plan. view of one'of the bound-check structure. I

Similar reference characters in the difi'ers 'ent' figures ofthedrawings indicate correspondlng, elements or features offconstructionherein referred" to in detail.

In the drawings the numeral'lindicates a familiar part ofv amotor-vehicle frame which: is. directly. secured upon the middle portionofa front spring?! which has shack? le eyes 3 on its ends, 4e'indicatingthe front axle bar to which=perches are secured where by. to supportthe. spring, eac-h percltcomprising, amain portion 5',- a\ neck portion6 anda headIporti'on 7, the neck portion being curvedsoas to extendinwardlyor each towardsthe other.v The perches are usually very tightlysecuredto-the axle'bar and'may be removed, b'ut usually/not: readily..One of the particular purposesof' the invention is. to obtain the.benefit of. a reversed perch without entailing the diflicultiesattending the removal. and reversing. of the perch.

I Invcarrying out. the objects of the invention a. perch extender isprovided. which adaptsthe" inventiomto. be applied to the existingperch,andlit. comprises a stem 8 having; aw blades 9 and 9/ that. embrace thehead? andare-secured thereto by'means of a bolt 10, the: jaw. bladeshaving base shoulders 11' and,11 respectively at opposite parts of there-' sides of the stem. The stem has a saddle portion portion 6 of theperch, and preferably is rigidly secured thereto by means of a ll-boltembracing the portion 6 and having bolt portions 13 and 13 extendingthrough the saddle portion and having nuts i l am 14 thereon engagingthe shoulders. The stem 8 has a head 15 thereon similar to the head 7,the stem 8 leaning outwardly so that the head 15 is supportedslightlyhigher and also farther outward than the head ott'the perch. A lever 16of novel term and arrangement is provided which is connectec adjacent toone oi its ends to the head 15 by means of a pivot bolt '17. The leverhas a side bar 18 suitably lined at one end there' to, preferably bymeans 01 a tie bar 19 in tegrally connected with the lever and the sidebar, the bar being suitably connected, to the pivot bolt. Preferably atie bar 20 is cast integrally with the lever and the side bar so as tobe above the spring eye 3 which is supported by means hit a pivot bolt21 connected to the lever and the side bar.

For yieldingly supporting the end of the lever 16 a bracket :22 isprovided which is adapted to be souredrigidly one side of the axle barand it has a circular casing integral therewith, the casinghaving anannular e d plate 2st integral therewith and with the bracket thebracket being secured in place by means of a clamp and cap screws 26 and26. The bracket is placed at a suitable point intermediately oi? theporch. and middle portion ot the afle bar so as to be in proximity tothe end of the lever 16. The end plate 24; has a hollow cylindricalguide 27 integral therewith that Xtends concentrically relativcly'to theeasing 23 and is slightly longer than the car'- ing. The plate 24: has asuitable number 0t apertures 28 therein arranged in 'rcle'adjacent tothe casing. it coil spri 29 is arranged'in the casing and has a l aterallug 30' integralwith one end thereof that is inserted in one of theapertures, the oppo e end of the spring coil having an inwar' extendinglug 31 integral therewith] annular hub plate 32 is adapted to be Iagainst the edge or" the casing 23 ant prererably has a, hub flange 3?;on its outer side that is rotatively guided on the cylindrical guide 27.The hub plate has a guide ring 34 on its inner sidethat extends into thespring coil and has a slot therein receiving the lug 31, enabl ng thehub plate to put the spring under tension. Preferably hub plate has a.ring 36 thereon that cizten. about a portion oil the casing 25;, and thehi plate has a lever arm 3'? integral therew to which a stiff link 38 ispivotally connectcd the link being pivotally connected with the lever16. lhe spring is so wound 12 that is seated upon the curved to tend toforce the lever arm 37 up-- wardly in opposition to the tendency of thelever if) to pull it downwardly.

The rebound check or snubber structure is economically combined in thespring housing of the shock absorber and comprisesa core plate 39. whichis inserted in the annular end plate 24. and has a flange portionextending outward against the outer face out the end plate,-- and isprovided with notches l0, the inner side of the core plate having a stubcore ll-thereon in which is a slot-A 2. The plate 24: has a pin or pinsl3 inserted therein to be received in the notches ell) whereby t'o holdthe core plate in position when rotatively adjusted. A hub plate isarranged against the edges of the guide if? and S33 and has a rim fian'e l5 thereon at extends about the hub 2-53 to rotatively guide the hubplate, the plate ha ving lever arm at thereon provided with a wrist pin'lhe plate stub core in) 1 has a central to thereon that has aperipheral slot therein. A coil springhl arranged withthe'cylindriralguide 2-? and extends about he stub cores -ll and l-S, one end ol the icoil having a lug 51 integral. there with that extends inwardly and intothe slot the opposite; end of the coil having an inwardly extending lugprojecting into the slot ll). The spring 50 is so wound as to tend totorce the arm l6 downwardly and hold taut flexible link or strap 513which is connected at one end with the wrist pin and has its oppositeend '.iitab.l.y connected substantially to the middle portion of theframe member 1 and the splin The hub plates 3; and are maintaineu inplace tor proper operation by means of oolt 5a suitably connected withthe core late 3.9 and the stub core 4-8 so as to pernnt rotary movementof the hub plates.

ln practical use the motor-vehicle is operated on a rough road and theaxle bar is thrust upward the sudden rise of the porch is not directlytransmitted to the spring 2, but indirectly by means of the leyer 16which at firstpulls down the lever arm 37 against the tension of thespring 29, resulting in a relatively gentle movement of the end of thespring 2. In certain cases when the body of the motor-vehicle issuddenly forced upward the movement is gradually checked by means of thestrap 53 and the spring '50. Under a heavy load the spring 2 bearsheavily on the lever 16 and pushes downwa'd more or less against-thetension of the spring 29, aitording easy rid: ing under varyingconditions.

'lfi hat is claimed as new is: I

1. A shock absorber including an adapter having a base to be secured toand'have I vity support upon a spring perch and ving also a stemdirectly above the jaw provided with-a pivot head a controllable V alever connected at one lever pivoted to the pivot head and provided witha, pivot directly to' support a -main spring, and a controlled spring toyield ingly support and control the lever:

2. A shock absorber including a gravity balanced perch-extender havingpivot head,- end tothe pivot head and provided with apivot iiiterniediately of its ends to-support amain'spring, a tension spring to beadjustably anchored, and means pivotally to connect th'etension I springwith the opposite end of" the level "to support it. 7

3. A shock absorber having'a housing and two coil springs therein', oneof the'springs being diametrically the smaller and arranged'within theother, one end'of eajchof the springs being anchoredto the housing, andtwo levers pivotally supported on the housing and having operativeconnection with the springs respectively.

4. A shock absorber including a perch-extender, a casing, a coil springsecured at one end to the casing, an arm pivotally supported on thecasing and having connectionwith the opposite enCl'Of the spring, a linkcon nected to the arm, and a lever pivotally connected to theperch-extender and to the link and having a pivot to support a spring.

5. A. shock absorber having a housing and two levers pivotally supportedon the housing to operate on opposite sides thereof and,

two coil springs anchored in the housing, one of the springs beingconnected with one of the levers to force it upwardly, the other of thesprings being connected with the remaining lever to force it downwardly.I

6. A'shock absorber including a lever having a pivot for, its support atone end and also a pivot to support a main spring, a housing having abracket to rigidly support it, an arm pivotallysupported on the housingand having connection with the opposite end 01' the lever, and a springconnected to the housing and the arm and tensioned to yieldingly supportthe lever.

7. A shock absorber including a lever having a perch-extender pivoted toone end thereof to be secured'upon a spring perch, the lever beingprovided with a pivot at a distance from the end to support a mainspring, a housing having a base provided with a clamp to secure it to anaxle, a coil spring .in the housing and connected at one end thereto, ahub rotatively supported on the housing and connected to the oppositeend of the coil spring, the hub having an arm thereon, and a stiff linkpivotally connected to the arm and the opposite end of the lever.

8. A shock absorber and rebound check including a lever having a pivotto support a main spring, an adapter having means'to rigidly support iton a spring perch and also means to pivotally support one end of the andan upright adapter lever, acylindrical! casinghaving means; to secure itto, an axle bar, t-Wo c'oilwsprings guided inthe. casinggand anchoredatoneend to one endfof the casing, two hubs-'rotatively guidedontheopposite end of the casinggandconnected tothe opposite end ofthespr-i'ngs' respectiveljg'. each hub having 311 211111 rigid-Q ly.connected thereto, a still link pivotally connectecbtooneof the hub armsand-'to the opposite en'd of the lever,"and a flexible link connected tothe other'of-the hub arms-J 9, Inashock ab'sorber,xan adapter coinprising a basehaving jaw bladesto be boltedto a-curvedspring perch, thebase hav ing a saddle-portion-fitted to and adapted to" seat by gravityupon the neck portion of the perch, a stem rigidly connected-t0 andextending upwandv above the top of the base: and'having a: head thereonto pivotally sup port a shock. absorber. lever, and; meansto.

co-operate with. said neck portion. tow secure said base and saddleportion. I

10. In a shock absorber, the combination, with a: leverhavingintermediate of its ends; a pivotto support a. mainspring;.and;.az spring and. mounting therefor independent: of the mainspring to yieldingly support one end of the lever, of an adaptercomprising a normally upright stem having a head pivotally connected tothe opposite end of the lever, the stem having a base and saddle portionto be seated by gravity upon a curved spring perch neck and having alsojaw blades to bebolted to the perch, and means to rigidly securesaidsaddle portions to the neck of the perch.

11. In a shock absorber, the combination with a spring and supporttherefor, of a lever to be supported at one end by meansof the spring,the lever having a pivot intermediate of its ends to support a mainspring,

having pivotal connection with the opposite end of the lever for itssupport, the adapter being provided with a base and saddle portion to besupported directly upon a curved spring perch neck by gravity force andjaws thereon adapted to be bolted to the head of the perch.

12. In a shock absorber, a lever having a pivot bolt to support a mainspring and having also a tie bar above the bolt integrally connected tothe lever, the lever having also an end tie bar integrally connectedwith one end thereof, the opposite end of the lever being adapted to beyieldingly supported, the lever havingalso a side bar integrallyconnected to said tie bars and receiving said bolt, and a pivot boltconnected to the lever and to said side bar adjacent to said end tie barto pivotally support the adjacent end of the lever.

13. In a shock absorber, the combination, with a lever to support a mainspring and portion: to the. neck' aving a pivotal support at one endthere- 18.

I thereto,

guided on of the casing and having a slot receiving the remaining one ofsaid lugs, the hub having also an arm thereon, and a stilt linkpivotally connected to said arm and to the opposite end of said lever,

14. In a shock absorber, the combination of a cylindrical, casing havinga base to rigidly support it, a core plate arranged in one end of thecasing for rotative adjustment and having a stub core rigidly fixed thestub corehaving a peripheral slot inits end, a coil spring guided onsaid stub core and having a lug on one end. thereof extending into saidslot, the spring having also a lug on its opposite end, a hub rotativelyguided on the opposite end of the casing and provided .with a stub coreextending into the opposite end of the spring andhaving a slot receivingthe lug on said end, said hub having also an arm thereon, a

the lugs extending intoone 'flexible link connected to the arm, and arecores and connected therewith to retain said. hub on the casing. p

15. In a shock absorber and rebound Check, the-combination of a casingand a base, a clamp connected to the base, a hollow cylindrical guideand a stub core rigidly connected Withone end of the casing, the corewithin the guide, a main coil spring in the casing outside the guide andanchored to the casing, a smaller coil spring within the guide andanchored to the core, a hub rotatively mounted on the guide and having aconnection with the main coil spring, the hub having an arm integraltherewith, a stiff link pivoted to the arm, a lever pivoted at one'endto the link and having a pivotal support at its opposite end, the leverhaving a pivot to support a main spring, and a hub rotatively mounted onsaid guide and having an arm thereon provided with a flexible link, thelast described hub having a stub core connected with the smaller coilspring. In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature on the 5th day ofSeptember, 1925.

EMERSON DAVIS.

